Columbia, Illinois Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates
The population of Columbia, Illinois is 11,063 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 207th-largest city in Illinois. The median household income is $107,922, the median home value is $290,100, and the median age is 39.9.
The population has grown 12.3% since 2010 (9,725 → 10,919).
11,063
Population
1049
People / sq mi
$107,922
Median Income
$290,100
Median Home Value
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Columbia covers 10.6 sq mi of land at 1049 people per square mile.
About Columbia, IL
Columbia is distinguished by its share of foreign-born residents, 49.5% of the population. Columbia is a city in Illinois with a population of 11,063.
Households take in a median $107,922, comfortably above the US median of $78,538. The poverty rate, 3.9%, is on the lower side for US cities and below the national 12.4%. Median home value is $290,100, with typical rent around $1,089.
About 51.0% of adults 25 and older have a bachelor’s degree, above the 35.0% national figure. Remote work is below the national 14.0% at 12.1%, and the average commute runs about 26 minutes each way.
The large foreign-born share is a defining thread in Columbia, shaping language, household composition, and the labor force behind the economic figures above.
Columbia city Population History (2010-2024)
The city of Columbia city had a population of 9,725 in 2010 and 10,919 in 2024, a 12.3% growth over 14 years. The peak was 11,034 in 2020. Average annual growth rate: 0.84%.
10,919
Population (2024)
9,725
Population (2010)
11,034
Peak (2020)
0.84%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 9,725 |
| 2011 | 9,825 |
| 2012 | 9,880 |
| 2013 | 9,987 |
| 2014 | 10,070 |
| 2015 | 10,152 |
| 2016 | 10,232 |
| 2017 | 10,313 |
| 2018 | 10,428 |
| 2019 | 10,513 |
| 2020 | 11,034 |
| 2021 | 10,994 |
| 2022 | 10,998 |
| 2023 | 10,993 |
| 2024 | 10,919 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 94.4% |
| Black or African American | 0.9% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.3% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
Economy & Income
$107,922
Median Household Income
$52,647
Per Capita Income
3.9%
Poverty Rate
0.7%
Unemployment Rate
Housing
$290,100
Median Home Value
$1,089
Median Rent
81.9%
Owner-Occupied
Education
97.2%
High School+
51.0%
Bachelor's+
Commute
0.0%
Drive Alone
84.1%
Public Transit
12.1%
Work From Home
26.0 min
Avg Commute
Community Profile
49.5%
Foreign Born
97.4%
Non-English at Home
7.9%
Veterans
8.8%
With Disability
97.8%
Health Insurance
94.7%
Internet Access
Employment by Industry
| Professional, Scientific & Management | 28.6% |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 12.1% |
| Manufacturing | 9.5% |
| Information | 8.7% |
| Education, Health Care & Social Services | 7.7% |
| Arts, Entertainment & Food Services | 6.1% |
| Construction | 6.0% |
| Public Administration | 3.8% |
| Transportation & Warehousing | 2.2% |
| Retail Trade | 2.0% |
| Agriculture & Mining | 1.7% |
Largest cities in Illinois
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City rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Columbia, Illinois has a population of 11,063 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 207th-largest city in Illinois.
The median household income in Columbia, Illinois is $107,922, with 3.9% of residents living below the federal poverty level.
The median home value in Columbia, Illinois is $290,100, with median monthly rent at $1,089 and a homeownership rate of 81.9%.
The median age in Columbia, Illinois is 39.9 years. The population is 49.8% male and 50.2% female.
The population has grown 12.3% since 2010 (9,725 → 10,919).
Columbia city, IL Climate
Columbia city, IL has an average annual temperature of 12.9°C (55°F) and receives about 990 mm of precipitation per year. The warmest month is July and the coldest is January. Figures are 1970–2000 climate normals.
12.9°C
Avg Temp
990
Precip (mm/yr)
Jul
Hottest Month
Jan
Coldest Month
| Month | Avg (°C/°F) | Precip |
|---|---|---|
| January | -2° / 29° | 52 mm |
| February | 1° / 34° | 58 mm |
| March | 7° / 45° | 92 mm |
| April | 13° / 55° | 93 mm |
| May | 18° / 65° | 103 mm |
| June | 23° / 74° | 92 mm |
| July | 26° / 78° | 94 mm |
| August | 25° / 76° | 81 mm |
| September | 21° / 69° | 85 mm |
| October | 14° / 57° | 72 mm |
| November | 7° / 45° | 89 mm |
| December | 1° / 34° | 79 mm |
1970–2000 normals from WorldClim 2.1 (~9 km grid). Precipitation can be less precise near mountains or coastlines, where rainfall varies sharply over short distances.
Best time to visit Columbia city, IL
The most comfortable months to visit Columbia city, IL are typically September, June and August, when temperatures are mildest and rainfall is relatively low. The hottest month is July (around 32°C high). The coldest is January (near -6°C low). May is usually the wettest month.
Where to stay near Columbia
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Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.