Rank #62 by World Population
🇪🇪Estonia
Estonia has a population of 1,370,286, ranking #62 in the world. The capital is Tallinn. Located in Europe & Central Asia.
World Bank: High income
1,370,286
Population
#62
World Rank
78.8
Life Expectancy
$30,264
GDP Per Capita
Estonia, #62 by world population
Estonia Population History (1960-2024)
The country of Estonia had a population of 1,211,537 in 1960 and 1,372,341 in 2024, a 13.3% growth over 64 years. The peak was 1,569,174 in 1990. Average annual growth rate: 0.20%.
1,372,341
Population (2024)
1,211,537
Population (1960)
1,569,174
Peak (1990)
0.20%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 1,211,537 |
| 1961 | 1,225,077 |
| 1962 | 1,241,623 |
| 1963 | 1,258,857 |
| 1964 | 1,277,086 |
| 1965 | 1,294,566 |
| 1966 | 1,308,597 |
| 1967 | 1,318,946 |
| 1968 | 1,331,214 |
| 1969 | 1,345,249 |
| 1970 | 1,360,076 |
| 1971 | 1,376,955 |
| 1972 | 1,392,518 |
| 1973 | 1,405,951 |
| 1974 | 1,418,169 |
| 1975 | 1,429,352 |
| 1976 | 1,439,576 |
| 1977 | 1,450,211 |
| 1978 | 1,460,188 |
| 1979 | 1,468,333 |
| 1980 | 1,477,219 |
| 1981 | 1,487,666 |
| 1982 | 1,498,414 |
| 1983 | 1,508,745 |
| 1984 | 1,518,617 |
| 1985 | 1,528,781 |
| 1986 | 1,540,190 |
| 1987 | 1,552,221 |
| 1988 | 1,561,900 |
| 1989 | 1,568,131 |
| 1990 | 1,569,174 |
| 1991 | 1,561,314 |
| 1992 | 1,533,091 |
| 1993 | 1,494,128 |
| 1994 | 1,462,514 |
| 1995 | 1,436,634 |
| 1996 | 1,415,594 |
| 1997 | 1,399,535 |
| 1998 | 1,386,156 |
| 1999 | 1,390,244 |
| 2000 | 1,396,985 |
| 2001 | 1,388,115 |
| 2002 | 1,379,350 |
| 2003 | 1,370,720 |
| 2004 | 1,362,550 |
| 2005 | 1,354,775 |
| 2006 | 1,346,810 |
| 2007 | 1,340,680 |
| 2008 | 1,337,090 |
| 2009 | 1,334,515 |
| 2010 | 1,331,475 |
| 2011 | 1,327,439 |
| 2012 | 1,322,696 |
| 2013 | 1,317,997 |
| 2014 | 1,314,545 |
| 2015 | 1,315,407 |
| 2016 | 1,315,790 |
| 2017 | 1,317,384 |
| 2018 | 1,321,977 |
| 2019 | 1,326,898 |
| 2020 | 1,329,522 |
| 2021 | 1,330,932 |
| 2022 | 1,348,840 |
| 2023 | 1,370,286 |
| 2024 | 1,372,341 |
Demographics
| Population | 1,370,286 |
| Population Growth Rate | 1.58% |
| Urban Population | 70.7% |
| Fertility Rate | 1.31 births/woman |
| Life Expectancy | 78.8 years |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 1.6 per 1,000 |
| Literacy Rate | - |
Economy & Trade
$30,264
GDP Per Capita
6.4%
Unemployment Rate
High income
Income Level
30.7
Gini Index (inequality)
154.6%
Trade (% of GDP)
1,695,000
Tourism Arrivals
Health & Education
7.5%
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
3.47
Physicians per 1,000
1.6
Infant Mortality (per 1,000)
Development & Connectivity
100.0%
Electricity Access
91.5%
Internet Users
149
Mobile Subs per 100
32.1
People per km2
5,717
Net Migration
Environment
57.1%
Forest Area
Estonia Climate
Estonia has an average annual temperature of 5.8°C (42°F) and receives about 672 mm of precipitation per year. The warmest month is July and the coldest is February. Figures are 1970–2000 climate normals.
5.8°C
Avg Temp
672
Precip (mm/yr)
Jul
Hottest Month
Feb
Coldest Month
| Month | Avg (°C/°F) | Precip |
|---|---|---|
| January | -4° / 25° | 49 mm |
| February | -5° / 24° | 34 mm |
| March | -1° / 30° | 36 mm |
| April | 4° / 39° | 38 mm |
| May | 10° / 50° | 34 mm |
| June | 15° / 59° | 53 mm |
| July | 17° / 63° | 75 mm |
| August | 16° / 61° | 78 mm |
| September | 11° / 52° | 72 mm |
| October | 6° / 43° | 75 mm |
| November | 1° / 35° | 69 mm |
| December | -2° / 29° | 59 mm |
1970–2000 normals from WorldClim 2.1 (~9 km grid). Precipitation can be less precise near mountains or coastlines, where rainfall varies sharply over short distances.
Best time to visit Estonia
The most comfortable months to visit Estonia are typically July, June and August, when temperatures are mildest and rainfall is relatively low. The hottest month is July (around 22°C high). The coldest is February (near -7°C low). August is usually the wettest month.
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Other Countries in Europe & Central Asia
Estonia in global context
Estonia is one of 212 countries tracked. See how it ranks globally, regional shares of world population, and projections to 2050 / 2100.
World Population 2026: Top 10 Countries, Regions & Trends →Other related entities
Country rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Estonia has a population of 1,370,286, ranking #62 in the world. The annual population growth rate is 1.58%.
Life expectancy in Estonia is 78.8 years. The infant mortality rate is 1.6 per 1,000 live births.
Estonia's GDP per capita is $30,264. It is classified as a high income country by the World Bank.
70.7% of Estonia's population lives in urban areas. The overall population density is 32.1 people per square kilometer.
Literacy data for Estonia is available from the World Bank.
The most comfortable months to visit Estonia are typically July, June and August, when temperatures are mildest and rainfall is relatively low, based on 1970–2000 climate normals.
Estonia has an average annual temperature of 5.8°C and about 672 mm of precipitation per year. The warmest month is typically July and the coldest is February.
International data from the World Bank Open Data API. Population figures are latest available estimates. GDP per capita in current US dollars.
Estonia is a country in Europe & Central Asia with a population of 1,370,286. Its population is growing quickly, by about 1.6% a year.
Estonia is a high-income economy, with GDP per capita of about $30,264. Life expectancy is high at 78.8 years, with a fertility rate of 1.3 births per woman, and 70.7% of the population lives in urban areas.
Source: World Bank Open Data, 2026.