Rank #114 by World Population
🇲🇬Madagascar
Madagascar has a population of 31,195,932, ranking #114 in the world. The capital is Antananarivo. Located in Sub-Saharan Africa .
World Bank: Low income
31,195,932
Population
#114
World Rank
63.6
Life Expectancy
$509
GDP Per Capita
Madagascar, #114 by world population
Madagascar Population History (1960-2024)
The country of Madagascar had a population of 5,111,029 in 1960 and 31,964,956 in 2024, a 6.3× growth over 64 years. The peak was 31,964,956 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 2.91%.
31,964,956
Population (2024)
5,111,029
Population (1960)
31,964,956
Peak (2024)
2.91%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 5,111,029 |
| 1961 | 5,246,158 |
| 1962 | 5,384,150 |
| 1963 | 5,525,185 |
| 1964 | 5,669,863 |
| 1965 | 5,819,116 |
| 1966 | 5,974,279 |
| 1967 | 6,136,486 |
| 1968 | 6,306,493 |
| 1969 | 6,484,716 |
| 1970 | 6,672,003 |
| 1971 | 6,868,868 |
| 1972 | 7,074,398 |
| 1973 | 7,288,048 |
| 1974 | 7,509,726 |
| 1975 | 7,739,336 |
| 1976 | 7,976,831 |
| 1977 | 8,222,240 |
| 1978 | 8,475,864 |
| 1979 | 8,737,581 |
| 1980 | 9,006,032 |
| 1981 | 9,279,011 |
| 1982 | 9,557,671 |
| 1983 | 9,843,044 |
| 1984 | 10,134,550 |
| 1985 | 10,433,142 |
| 1986 | 10,736,857 |
| 1987 | 11,047,291 |
| 1988 | 11,369,462 |
| 1989 | 11,704,998 |
| 1990 | 12,055,639 |
| 1991 | 12,421,412 |
| 1992 | 12,800,870 |
| 1993 | 13,197,345 |
| 1994 | 13,613,850 |
| 1995 | 14,051,275 |
| 1996 | 14,510,711 |
| 1997 | 14,990,814 |
| 1998 | 15,489,364 |
| 1999 | 16,000,506 |
| 2000 | 16,516,338 |
| 2001 | 17,032,939 |
| 2002 | 17,549,913 |
| 2003 | 18,071,854 |
| 2004 | 18,606,608 |
| 2005 | 19,159,707 |
| 2006 | 19,730,909 |
| 2007 | 20,318,583 |
| 2008 | 20,923,840 |
| 2009 | 21,547,280 |
| 2010 | 22,183,340 |
| 2011 | 22,822,300 |
| 2012 | 23,462,438 |
| 2013 | 24,109,290 |
| 2014 | 24,764,348 |
| 2015 | 25,426,702 |
| 2016 | 26,099,952 |
| 2017 | 26,788,375 |
| 2018 | 27,494,926 |
| 2019 | 28,219,554 |
| 2020 | 28,953,556 |
| 2021 | 29,691,083 |
| 2022 | 30,437,261 |
| 2023 | 31,195,932 |
| 2024 | 31,964,956 |
Demographics
| Population | 31,195,932 |
| Population Growth Rate | 2.46% |
| Urban Population | 32.0% |
| Fertility Rate | 3.97 births/woman |
| Life Expectancy | 63.6 years |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 43.7 per 1,000 |
| Literacy Rate | 74.7% |
Economy & Trade
$509
GDP Per Capita
3.0%
Unemployment Rate
Low income
Income Level
61.1%
Trade (% of GDP)
87,099.998
Tourism Arrivals
Health & Education
3.4%
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
0.17
Physicians per 1,000
3.0%
Education Expenditure (% GDP)
74.7%
Literacy Rate
43.7
Infant Mortality (per 1,000)
Development & Connectivity
39.4%
Electricity Access
17.8%
Internet Users
54
Mobile Subs per 100
53.6
People per km2
-1,487
Net Migration
Environment
21.3%
Forest Area
Other Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa
Madagascar in global context
Madagascar is one of 212 countries tracked. See how it ranks globally, regional shares of world population, and projections to 2050 / 2100.
World Population 2026: Top 10 Countries, Regions & Trends →Other related entities
Country rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Madagascar has a population of 31,195,932, ranking #114 in the world. The annual population growth rate is 2.46%.
Life expectancy in Madagascar is 63.6 years. The infant mortality rate is 43.7 per 1,000 live births.
Madagascar's GDP per capita is $509. It is classified as a low income country by the World Bank.
32.0% of Madagascar's population lives in urban areas. The overall population density is 53.6 people per square kilometer.
The adult literacy rate in Madagascar is 74.7%. The country spends 3.0% of GDP on education.
International data from the World Bank Open Data API. Population figures are latest available estimates. GDP per capita in current US dollars.
For this entity, the underlying data on this page comes from the U.S. Census Bureau ACS and decennial files. The breakdown above is the federal record; the paragraphs below add the per-entity context that makes the headline numbers usable for a real decision rather than just a data lookup.
Every number on this page links back to the U.S. Census Bureau ACS and decennial files; the methodology page describes the inputs, refresh cadence, and known limitations of the underlying data product.
Practical use of this page is in combination with the comparison and ranking pages elsewhere on the site, which surface the same data for this entity’s peers within U.S. states, metros, cities, and ZIPs. A single-entity reading without peer context can be misleading when an entity is an outlier on one axis but typical on another.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.