Rank #156 by World Population
🇷🇴Romania
Romania has a population of 19,061,062, ranking #156 in the world. The capital is Bucharest. Located in Europe & Central Asia.
World Bank: High income
19,061,062
Population
#156
World Rank
76.4
Life Expectancy
$18,244
GDP Per Capita
Romania, #156 by world population
Romania Population History (1960-2024)
The country of Romania had a population of 18,406,905 in 1960 and 19,051,804 in 2024, a 3.5% growth over 64 years. The peak was 23,201,835 in 1990. Average annual growth rate: 0.06%.
19,051,804
Population (2024)
18,406,905
Population (1960)
23,201,835
Peak (1990)
0.06%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 18,406,905 |
| 1961 | 18,555,250 |
| 1962 | 18,676,550 |
| 1963 | 18,797,850 |
| 1964 | 18,919,126 |
| 1965 | 19,031,576 |
| 1966 | 19,215,450 |
| 1967 | 19,534,242 |
| 1968 | 19,799,831 |
| 1969 | 20,009,141 |
| 1970 | 20,250,398 |
| 1971 | 20,461,567 |
| 1972 | 20,657,957 |
| 1973 | 20,835,681 |
| 1974 | 21,029,429 |
| 1975 | 21,293,583 |
| 1976 | 21,551,634 |
| 1977 | 21,756,096 |
| 1978 | 21,951,464 |
| 1979 | 22,090,488 |
| 1980 | 22,207,282 |
| 1981 | 22,353,070 |
| 1982 | 22,475,741 |
| 1983 | 22,560,478 |
| 1984 | 22,640,547 |
| 1985 | 22,732,999 |
| 1986 | 22,836,841 |
| 1987 | 22,949,430 |
| 1988 | 23,057,662 |
| 1989 | 23,161,458 |
| 1990 | 23,201,835 |
| 1991 | 23,001,155 |
| 1992 | 22,794,284 |
| 1993 | 22,763,280 |
| 1994 | 22,730,211 |
| 1995 | 22,684,270 |
| 1996 | 22,619,004 |
| 1997 | 22,553,978 |
| 1998 | 22,507,344 |
| 1999 | 22,472,040 |
| 2000 | 22,442,971 |
| 2001 | 22,131,970 |
| 2002 | 21,730,496 |
| 2003 | 21,574,326 |
| 2004 | 21,451,748 |
| 2005 | 21,319,685 |
| 2006 | 21,193,760 |
| 2007 | 20,882,982 |
| 2008 | 20,537,875 |
| 2009 | 20,367,487 |
| 2010 | 20,246,871 |
| 2011 | 20,147,528 |
| 2012 | 20,058,035 |
| 2013 | 19,983,693 |
| 2014 | 19,908,979 |
| 2015 | 19,815,616 |
| 2016 | 19,702,267 |
| 2017 | 19,588,715 |
| 2018 | 19,473,970 |
| 2019 | 19,371,648 |
| 2020 | 19,265,250 |
| 2021 | 19,122,059 |
| 2022 | 19,048,502 |
| 2023 | 19,061,062 |
| 2024 | 19,051,804 |
Demographics
| Population | 19,061,062 |
| Population Growth Rate | 0.07% |
| Urban Population | 52.2% |
| Fertility Rate | 1.54 births/woman |
| Life Expectancy | 76.4 years |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 5.6 per 1,000 |
| Literacy Rate | 99.2% |
Economy & Trade
$18,244
GDP Per Capita
5.6%
Unemployment Rate
High income
Income Level
29.8
Gini Index (inequality)
83.4%
Trade (% of GDP)
5,023,000
Tourism Arrivals
Health & Education
5.7%
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
3.63
Physicians per 1,000
99.2%
Literacy Rate
5.6
Infant Mortality (per 1,000)
Development & Connectivity
100.0%
Electricity Access
85.5%
Internet Users
119
Mobile Subs per 100
82.8
People per km2
-27,780
Net Migration
Environment
30.1%
Forest Area
Other Countries in Europe & Central Asia
Romania in global context
Romania is one of 212 countries tracked. See how it ranks globally, regional shares of world population, and projections to 2050 / 2100.
World Population 2026: Top 10 Countries, Regions & Trends →Other related entities
Country rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Romania has a population of 19,061,062, ranking #156 in the world. The annual population growth rate is 0.07%.
Life expectancy in Romania is 76.4 years. The infant mortality rate is 5.6 per 1,000 live births.
Romania's GDP per capita is $18,244. It is classified as a high income country by the World Bank.
52.2% of Romania's population lives in urban areas. The overall population density is 82.8 people per square kilometer.
The adult literacy rate in Romania is 99.2%.
International data from the World Bank Open Data API. Population figures are latest available estimates. GDP per capita in current US dollars.
The this entity record above pulls directly from the U.S. Census Bureau ACS and decennial files. What follows is the per-entity context — how this entity sits in the broader U.S. population demographics distribution and which underlying factors drive the headline numbers.
Every number on this page links back to the U.S. Census Bureau ACS and decennial files; the methodology page describes the inputs, refresh cadence, and known limitations of the underlying data product.
Practical use of this page is in combination with the comparison and ranking pages elsewhere on the site, which surface the same data for this entity’s peers within U.S. states, metros, cities, and ZIPs. A single-entity reading without peer context can be misleading when an entity is an outlier on one axis but typical on another.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.