Rank #156 by World Population

🇷🇴Romania

Romania has a population of 19,061,062, ranking #156 in the world. The capital is Bucharest. Located in Europe & Central Asia.

World Bank: High income

19,061,062

Population

#156

World Rank

76.4

Life Expectancy

$18,244

GDP Per Capita

Romania, #156 by world population

Romania Population History (1960-2024)

The country of Romania had a population of 18,406,905 in 1960 and 19,051,804 in 2024, a 3.5% growth over 64 years. The peak was 23,201,835 in 1990. Average annual growth rate: 0.06%.

Romania population, 1960–2024 · Source: U.S. Census Bureau — decennial census & Population Estimates

19,051,804

Population (2024)

18,406,905

Population (1960)

23,201,835

Peak (1990)

0.06%

Avg Annual Growth

Year	Population	Change	Annual %	Source
1960	18,406,905	-	-	estimate
1961	18,555,250	+148,345	+0.81%	estimate
1962	18,676,550	+121,300	+0.65%	estimate
1963	18,797,850	+121,300	+0.65%	estimate
1964	18,919,126	+121,276	+0.65%	estimate
1965	19,031,576	+112,450	+0.59%	estimate
1966	19,215,450	+183,874	+0.97%	estimate
1967	19,534,242	+318,792	+1.66%	estimate
1968	19,799,831	+265,589	+1.36%	estimate
1969	20,009,141	+209,310	+1.06%	estimate
1970	20,250,398	+241,257	+1.21%	estimate
1971	20,461,567	+211,169	+1.04%	estimate
1972	20,657,957	+196,390	+0.96%	estimate
1973	20,835,681	+177,724	+0.86%	estimate
1974	21,029,429	+193,748	+0.93%	estimate
1975	21,293,583	+264,154	+1.26%	estimate
1976	21,551,634	+258,051	+1.21%	estimate
1977	21,756,096	+204,462	+0.95%	estimate
1978	21,951,464	+195,368	+0.90%	estimate
1979	22,090,488	+139,024	+0.63%	estimate
1980	22,207,282	+116,794	+0.53%	estimate
1981	22,353,070	+145,788	+0.66%	estimate
1982	22,475,741	+122,671	+0.55%	estimate
1983	22,560,478	+84,737	+0.38%	estimate
1984	22,640,547	+80,069	+0.35%	estimate
1985	22,732,999	+92,452	+0.41%	estimate
1986	22,836,841	+103,842	+0.46%	estimate
1987	22,949,430	+112,589	+0.49%	estimate
1988	23,057,662	+108,232	+0.47%	estimate
1989	23,161,458	+103,796	+0.45%	estimate
1990	23,201,835	+40,377	+0.17%	estimate
1991	23,001,155	-200,680	-0.86%	estimate
1992	22,794,284	-206,871	-0.90%	estimate
1993	22,763,280	-31,004	-0.14%	estimate
1994	22,730,211	-33,069	-0.15%	estimate
1995	22,684,270	-45,941	-0.20%	estimate
1996	22,619,004	-65,266	-0.29%	estimate
1997	22,553,978	-65,026	-0.29%	estimate
1998	22,507,344	-46,634	-0.21%	estimate
1999	22,472,040	-35,304	-0.16%	estimate
2000	22,442,971	-29,069	-0.13%	estimate
2001	22,131,970	-311,001	-1.39%	estimate
2002	21,730,496	-401,474	-1.81%	estimate
2003	21,574,326	-156,170	-0.72%	estimate
2004	21,451,748	-122,578	-0.57%	estimate
2005	21,319,685	-132,063	-0.62%	estimate
2006	21,193,760	-125,925	-0.59%	estimate
2007	20,882,982	-310,778	-1.47%	estimate
2008	20,537,875	-345,107	-1.65%	estimate
2009	20,367,487	-170,388	-0.83%	estimate
2010	20,246,871	-120,616	-0.59%	estimate
2011	20,147,528	-99,343	-0.49%	estimate
2012	20,058,035	-89,493	-0.44%	estimate
2013	19,983,693	-74,342	-0.37%	estimate
2014	19,908,979	-74,714	-0.37%	estimate
2015	19,815,616	-93,363	-0.47%	estimate
2016	19,702,267	-113,349	-0.57%	estimate
2017	19,588,715	-113,552	-0.58%	estimate
2018	19,473,970	-114,745	-0.59%	estimate
2019	19,371,648	-102,322	-0.53%	estimate
2020	19,265,250	-106,398	-0.55%	estimate
2021	19,122,059	-143,191	-0.74%	estimate
2022	19,048,502	-73,557	-0.38%	estimate
2023	19,061,062	+12,560	+0.07%	estimate
2024	19,051,804	-9,258	-0.05%	estimate

Demographics

Population	19,061,062
Population Growth Rate	0.07%
Urban Population	52.2%
Fertility Rate	1.54 births/woman
Life Expectancy	76.4 years
Infant Mortality Rate	5.6 per 1,000
Literacy Rate	99.2%

Economy & Trade

$18,244

GDP Per Capita

5.6%

Unemployment Rate

High income

Income Level

29.8

Gini Index (inequality)

83.4%

Trade (% of GDP)

5,023,000

Tourism Arrivals

Health & Education

5.7%

Health Expenditure (% GDP)

3.63

Physicians per 1,000

99.2%

Literacy Rate

5.6

Infant Mortality (per 1,000)

Development & Connectivity

100.0%

Electricity Access

85.5%

Internet Users

119

Mobile Subs per 100

82.8

People per km2

-27,780

Net Migration

Environment

30.1%

Forest Area

Other Countries in Europe & Central Asia

Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan

Romania in global context

Romania is one of 212 countries tracked. See how it ranks globally, regional shares of world population, and projections to 2050 / 2100.

World Population 2026: Top 10 Countries, Regions & Trends →

Other related entities

Albania (2,414,095)Andorra (80,856)Armenia (2,964,300)Austria (9,131,761)Azerbaijan (10,153,958)All countries →

Country rankings

Populated Countries in the World Countries With Highest GDP Per Capita Countries With Highest Life Expectancy Countries With Highest Fertility Rates Countries With Highest Literacy Rates Urbanized Countries in the World Fastest Growing Countries by Population Countries With Highest Infant Mortality Countries With Highest Income Inequality Countries With Most International Tourism All rankings →

Frequently Asked Questions

Romania has a population of 19,061,062, ranking #156 in the world. The annual population growth rate is 0.07%.

Life expectancy in Romania is 76.4 years. The infant mortality rate is 5.6 per 1,000 live births.

Romania's GDP per capita is $18,244. It is classified as a high income country by the World Bank.

52.2% of Romania's population lives in urban areas. The overall population density is 82.8 people per square kilometer.

The adult literacy rate in Romania is 99.2%.

Sources: World Bank Open Data

International data from the World Bank Open Data API. Population figures are latest available estimates. GDP per capita in current US dollars.

With 19,061,062 residents, Romania is a country in Europe & Central Asia. Population growth is modest, around 0.1% a year.

Economically, Romania is high-income — GDP per capita is roughly $18,244. Life expectancy is high at 76.4 years, with a fertility rate of 1.5 births per woman, and 52.2% of the population lives in urban areas.

Source: World Bank Open Data, 2026.