Randolph County, Illinois Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates · 47th-largest in Illinois
The population of Randolph County, Illinois is 30,142 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 47th-largest county in Illinois. The median household income is $68,870, the median home value is $134,100, and the median age is 43.0.
The population of Randolph County has declined 10.5% since 2010 (33,410 → 29,903), a -0.79% annualized rate.
30,142
Population
-0.79%
Annual growth
52
People / sq mi
$68,870
Median Income
$134,100
Median Home Value
Randolph County covers 575 sq mi of land at 52.4 people per square mile.
About Randolph County, IL
Educational attainment is the headline number in Randolph County: 14.2% of adults 25 and older have a four-year degree. With 30,142 residents, Randolph County is a county in Illinois. It ranks #47 among counties in Illinois by population.
Median household income is $68,870, below the US median of $78,538. About 8.7% of residents live below the federal poverty level, below the national 12.4%. Property is affordable here, the median home worth $134,100, with typical rent around $760.
Fewer adults hold degrees here than in most comparable places — 14.2%, below the national 35.0%. Most workers commute: only 4.8% work from home, below the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 23 minutes each way.
Randolph County Population History (2010-2024)
The county of Randolph County had a population of 33,410 in 2010 and 29,903 in 2024, a -10.5% growth over 14 years. The peak was 33,410 in 2010. Average annual growth rate: -0.78%.
29,903
Population (2024)
33,410
Population (2010)
33,410
Peak (2010)
-0.78%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 33,410 |
| 2011 | 33,375 |
| 2012 | 33,023 |
| 2013 | 33,123 |
| 2014 | 33,088 |
| 2015 | 32,754 |
| 2016 | 32,368 |
| 2017 | 32,258 |
| 2018 | 32,161 |
| 2019 | 31,725 |
| 2020 | 30,084 |
| 2021 | 30,207 |
| 2022 | 30,101 |
| 2023 | 29,993 |
| 2024 | 29,903 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 86.9% |
| Black or African American | 8.0% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.8% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
Age & Sex
43.0
Median Age
45.8%
Female
54.2%
Male
20.8%
Age 65+
Age Distribution
Children (under 15): 16.5% · Seniors (65+): 20.8%
Income & Poverty
| Median household income | $68,870$-12,832 vs state |
| Mean household income | $81,359 |
| Per-capita income | $31,900 |
| Poverty rate | 8.7%+0.5% vs state |
| Unemployment rate | 2.7% |
| Employment-to-population | 51.1% |
Top Industries by Employment
The largest employment sector in Randolph County is professional & business services, accounting for 26.2% of workers.
How residents commute
0.0%
Drive alone
1.8%
Carpool
84.0%
Public transit
4.8%
Work from home
23.4 min
Avg commute
Housing
$134,100$-116,400 vs state
Median home value
$760
Median rent
76.8%
Homeownership rate
13,400
Total housing units
87.1%
Occupied
12.9%
Vacant
23.2%
Renter-occupied
Social & access
94.7%
With health insurance
90.1%
With broadband internet
19.7%
Foreign-born
8.6%
Veterans (18+)
20.8%
With a disability
96.9%
Speak language other than English at home
Education
87.9%
High School+
14.2%
Bachelor's+
Largest cities in Illinois
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County rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Randolph County, Illinois has a population of 30,142 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 47th-largest county in Illinois. Population density is 52 people per square mile.
The population of Randolph County has declined 10.5% since 2010 (33,410 → 29,903), a -0.79% annualized rate.
The median household income in Randolph County, Illinois is $68,870, with mean (average) household income of $81,359 and per-capita income of $31,900. 8.7% of residents live below the federal poverty level.
In Randolph County, the largest racial and ethnic groups are White (86.9%), Black or African American (8.0%), Hispanic or Latino (0.8%). Figures are from the US Census Bureau's 2023 ACS 5-year estimates and reflect self-reported responses.
The median age in Randolph County, Illinois is 43.0 years. Residents are 45.8% female and 54.2% male.
The median home value in Randolph County is $134,100 and median monthly rent is $760. 76.8% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. The county has 13,400 total housing units, 12.9% of which are vacant.
The largest employment sector in Randolph County, Illinois is professional, scientific, and management services, employing 26.2% of workers. The unemployment rate is 2.7%.
Chicago is among the largest cities associated with Randolph County, Illinois, with a population of 2,707,648.
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Statewide data for Illinois
Population, race, income, age, and trends across Illinois
Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.