Randolph County, Illinois Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates · 47th-largest in Illinois
The population of Randolph County, Illinois is 30,142 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 47th-largest county in Illinois. The median household income is $68,870, the median home value is $134,100, and the median age is 43.0.
The population of Randolph County has declined 10.5% since 2010 (33,410 → 29,903), a -0.79% annualized rate.
30,142
Population
-0.79%
Annual growth
52
People / sq mi
$68,870
Median Income
$134,100
Median Home Value
Randolph County covers 575 sq mi of land at 52.4 people per square mile.
About Randolph County, IL
Randolph County is a county in Illinois with a population of 30,142. It ranks #47 among counties in Illinois by population. The median age is 43.0, older than the national median. The population is 54.2% male and 45.8% female.
The median household income in Randolph County is $68,870, below the US median of $74,580. 8.7% of residents live below the federal poverty level. Home values sit at a median of $134,100, with monthly rent averaging $760. The homeownership rate of 76.8% is higher than the national rate of 64.8%.
Educational attainment in Randolph County reflects 14.2% of adults 25 and older holding a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national average of 34.3%. Roughly 4.8% of workers primarily work from home, below the national work-from-home rate of 14.2%. The average commute is 23.4 minutes each way.
Randolph County Population History (2010-2024)
The county of Randolph County had a population of 33,410 in 2010 and 29,903 in 2024, a -10.5% growth over 14 years. The peak was 33,410 in 2010. Average annual growth rate: -0.78%.
29,903
Population (2024)
33,410
Population (2010)
33,410
Peak (2010)
-0.78%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 33,410 |
| 2011 | 33,375 |
| 2012 | 33,023 |
| 2013 | 33,123 |
| 2014 | 33,088 |
| 2015 | 32,754 |
| 2016 | 32,368 |
| 2017 | 32,258 |
| 2018 | 32,161 |
| 2019 | 31,725 |
| 2020 | 30,084 |
| 2021 | 30,207 |
| 2022 | 30,101 |
| 2023 | 29,993 |
| 2024 | 29,903 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 86.9% |
| Black or African American | 8.0% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0.8% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
Age & Sex
43.0
Median Age
45.8%
Female
54.2%
Male
20.8%
Age 65+
Age Distribution
Children (under 15): 16.5% · Seniors (65+): 20.8%
Income & Poverty
| Median household income | $68,870$-12,832 vs state |
| Mean household income | $81,359 |
| Per-capita income | $31,900 |
| Poverty rate | 8.7%+0.5% vs state |
| Unemployment rate | 2.7% |
| Employment-to-population | 51.1% |
Top Industries by Employment
The largest employment sector in Randolph County is professional & business services, accounting for 26.2% of workers.
How residents commute
0.0%
Drive alone
1.8%
Carpool
84.0%
Public transit
4.8%
Work from home
23.4 min
Avg commute
Housing
$134,100$-116,400 vs state
Median home value
$760
Median rent
76.8%
Homeownership rate
13,400
Total housing units
87.1%
Occupied
12.9%
Vacant
23.2%
Renter-occupied
Social & access
94.7%
With health insurance
90.1%
With broadband internet
19.7%
Foreign-born
8.6%
Veterans (18+)
20.8%
With a disability
96.9%
Speak language other than English at home
Education
87.9%
High School+
14.2%
Bachelor's+
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County rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Randolph County, Illinois has a population of 30,142 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 47th-largest county in Illinois. Population density is 52 people per square mile.
The population of Randolph County has declined 10.5% since 2010 (33,410 → 29,903), a -0.79% annualized rate.
The median household income in Randolph County, Illinois is $68,870, with mean (average) household income of $81,359 and per-capita income of $31,900. 8.7% of residents live below the federal poverty level.
In Randolph County, the largest racial and ethnic groups are White (86.9%), Black or African American (8.0%), Hispanic or Latino (0.8%). Figures are from the US Census Bureau's 2023 ACS 5-year estimates and reflect self-reported responses.
The median age in Randolph County, Illinois is 43.0 years. Residents are 45.8% female and 54.2% male.
The median home value in Randolph County is $134,100 and median monthly rent is $760. 76.8% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. The county has 13,400 total housing units, 12.9% of which are vacant.
The largest employment sector in Randolph County, Illinois is professional, scientific, and management services, employing 26.2% of workers. The unemployment rate is 2.7%.
Chicago is among the largest cities associated with Randolph County, Illinois, with a population of 2,707,648.
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Population, race, income, age, and trends across Illinois
Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.