Toole County, Montana Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates · 36th-largest in Montana
The population of Toole County, Montana is 5,028 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 36th-largest county in Montana. The median household income is $53,693, the median home value is $187,400, and the median age is 38.8.
The population of Toole County has declined 3.6% since 2010 (5,343 → 5,153), a -0.26% annualized rate.
5,028
Population
-0.26%
Annual growth
3
People / sq mi
$53,693
Median Income
$187,400
Median Home Value
Toole County covers 1,915 sq mi of land at 2.6 people per square mile.
About Toole County, MT
What distinguishes Toole County is density: among the most sparsely settled of US counties, around 3 people per square mile. With 5,028 residents, Toole County is a county in Montana. It ranks #36 among counties in Montana by population.
Earnings trail the nation, with the median household making $53,693, below the US median of $78,538. Very few residents live in poverty — 4.3%, below the national 12.4%. The typical home is valued at $187,400, with typical rent around $753.
Degree attainment is mid-range for US counties: 21.5% of adults hold a four-year degree, below the national 35.0%. About 9.7% of the workforce is home-based, below the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 15 minutes each way.
Toole County Population History (2010-2024)
The county of Toole County had a population of 5,343 in 2010 and 5,153 in 2024, a -3.6% growth over 14 years. The peak was 5,343 in 2010. Average annual growth rate: -0.23%.
5,153
Population (2024)
5,343
Population (2010)
5,343
Peak (2010)
-0.23%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 5,343 |
| 2011 | 5,157 |
| 2012 | 5,218 |
| 2013 | 5,125 |
| 2014 | 5,121 |
| 2015 | 5,083 |
| 2016 | 4,962 |
| 2017 | 4,872 |
| 2018 | 4,830 |
| 2019 | 4,709 |
| 2020 | 4,967 |
| 2021 | 4,987 |
| 2022 | 5,072 |
| 2023 | 5,128 |
| 2024 | 5,153 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 84.9% |
| Black or African American | 1.8% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 7.2% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
Age & Sex
38.8
Median Age
40.1%
Female
59.9%
Male
17.4%
Age 65+
Age Distribution
Children (under 15): 17.1% · Seniors (65+): 17.4%
Income & Poverty
| Median household income | $53,693$-16,229 vs state |
| Mean household income | $77,412 |
| Per-capita income | $29,977 |
| Poverty rate | 4.3%-2.8% vs state |
| Unemployment rate | 2.2% |
| Employment-to-population | 52.2% |
Top Industries by Employment
The largest employment sector in Toole County is professional & business services, accounting for 19.4% of workers.
How residents commute
1.3%
Drive alone
8.1%
Carpool
72.3%
Public transit
9.7%
Work from home
15.0 min
Avg commute
Housing
$187,400$-150,700 vs state
Median home value
$753
Median rent
64.6%
Homeownership rate
2,323
Total housing units
78.5%
Occupied
21.5%
Vacant
35.4%
Renter-occupied
Social & access
92.4%
With health insurance
94.5%
With broadband internet
34.4%
Foreign-born
12.8%
Veterans (18+)
17.1%
With a disability
94.4%
Speak language other than English at home
Education
86.2%
High School+
21.5%
Bachelor's+
Largest cities in Montana
Other counties in Montana
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County rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Toole County, Montana has a population of 5,028 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 36th-largest county in Montana. Population density is 3 people per square mile.
The population of Toole County has declined 3.6% since 2010 (5,343 → 5,153), a -0.26% annualized rate.
The median household income in Toole County, Montana is $53,693, with mean (average) household income of $77,412 and per-capita income of $29,977. 4.3% of residents live below the federal poverty level.
In Toole County, the largest racial and ethnic groups are White (84.9%), Hispanic or Latino (7.2%), Black or African American (1.8%). Figures are from the US Census Bureau's 2023 ACS 5-year estimates and reflect self-reported responses.
The median age in Toole County, Montana is 38.8 years. Residents are 40.1% female and 59.9% male.
The median home value in Toole County is $187,400 and median monthly rent is $753. 64.6% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. The county has 2,323 total housing units, 21.5% of which are vacant.
The largest employment sector in Toole County, Montana is professional, scientific, and management services, employing 19.4% of workers. The unemployment rate is 2.2%.
Billings is among the largest cities associated with Toole County, Montana, with a population of 118,321.
Toole County, MT Climate
Toole County, MT has an average annual temperature of 6.5°C (44°F) and receives about 309 mm of precipitation per year. The warmest month is July and the coldest is January. Figures are 1970–2000 climate normals.
6.5°C
Avg Temp
309
Precip (mm/yr)
Jul
Hottest Month
Jan
Coldest Month
| Month | Avg (°C/°F) | Precip |
|---|---|---|
| January | -8° / 18° | 11 mm |
| February | -4° / 25° | 8 mm |
| March | 1° / 33° | 16 mm |
| April | 7° / 44° | 24 mm |
| May | 12° / 54° | 56 mm |
| June | 17° / 62° | 59 mm |
| July | 20° / 68° | 35 mm |
| August | 19° / 67° | 37 mm |
| September | 13° / 56° | 29 mm |
| October | 8° / 46° | 14 mm |
| November | -1° / 31° | 10 mm |
| December | -6° / 22° | 10 mm |
1970–2000 normals from WorldClim 2.1 (~9 km grid). Precipitation can be less precise near mountains or coastlines, where rainfall varies sharply over short distances.
Best time to visit Toole County, MT
The most comfortable months to visit Toole County, MT are typically July, August and June, when temperatures are mildest and rainfall is relatively low. The hottest month is July (around 29°C high). The coldest is January (near -14°C low). June is usually the wettest month.
Where to stay near Toole County
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Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.