Rank #44 by Population · Updated April 2026
Montana Population 2026
The population of Montana is 1,105,072 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 44th-most populous state in the United States. The median household income is $69,922, the median home value is $338,100, and the median age is 40.2.
Montana's population has grown 202.4% since 1910 (376,053 → 1,137,233).
1,105,072
Population
8
People / sq mi
$69,922
Median Income
40.2
Median Age
Montana covers 145,550 sq mi of land at a density of 7.6 people per square mile.
About Montana
Montana stands apart on settlement density — it is among the most sparsely settled of US states, at roughly 8 people per square mile. With 1,105,072 residents, Montana is a US state. It ranks #44 among US states by population.
Earnings trail the nation, with the median household making $69,922, below the US median of $78,538. Poverty runs at 7.1%, below the national 12.4%. Median home value is $338,100, with typical rent around $1,031.
Roughly 34.5% of adults have a bachelor’s, near the national 35.0%. Around 11.6% of workers work from home, below the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 19 minutes each way.
Montana, #44 by population
Montana Population History (1910-2024)
The state of Montana had a population of 376,053 in 1910 and 1,137,233 in 2024, a 3.0× growth over 114 years. The peak was 1,137,233 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 1.01%.
1,137,233
Population (2024)
376,053
Population (1910)
1,137,233
Peak (2024)
1.01%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1910 | 376,053 |
| 1920 | 548,889 |
| 1930 | 537,606 |
| 1940 | 559,456 |
| 1950 | 591,024 |
| 1960 | 674,767 |
| 1970 | 694,409 |
| 1980 | 786,690 |
| 1990 | 799,065 |
| 2000 | 902,195 |
| 2010 | 989,415 |
| 2020 | 1,084,225 |
| 2020 | 1,087,230 |
| 2021 | 1,106,522 |
| 2022 | 1,122,095 |
| 2023 | 1,131,302 |
| 2024 | 1,137,233 |
Age Distribution
Male: 50.7% · Female: 49.3%
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 85.7% |
| Black or African American | 0.5% |
| Asian | 0.1% |
| American Indian & Alaska Native | 5.7% |
| Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander | 0.1% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 8.2% |
Economy & Income
$69,922
Median Household Income
$39,842
Per Capita Income
7.1%
Poverty Rate
2.3%
Unemployment Rate
$94,544
Mean Household Income
60.0%
Employment Rate
Cost of Living
Montana's overall price level is 94.6 on the BEA Regional Price Parity index (US average = 100), meaning prices are 5.4% lower the US average. Adjusting for cost of living, Montana's median household income of $69,922 has the buying power of $73,878 in average-priced areas.
94.6
Price Level (US = 100)
$73,878
COL-Adjusted Median Income
$69,922
Nominal Median Income
Education
94.6%
High School Graduate+
34.5%
Bachelor's Degree+
Births & Fertility
11,175
Live Births (2022)
10.1
Birth Rate (per 1,000)
68.4%
Births to Married Mothers
Births by Mother's Age
Births by Mother's Race
| White | 85.7% |
| Black or African American | 0.7% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 6.1% |
Housing
$338,100
Median Home Value
$1,031
Median Rent
522,939
Total Housing Units
69.4%
Owner-Occupied
30.6%
Renter-Occupied
13.4%
Vacant
Languages Spoken at Home
95.8% of Montana residents age 5+ speak only English at home. The most common non-English languages spoken at home in Montana:
| # | Language | Speakers | % of pop. 5+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spanish | 3,535 | 0.34% |
| 2 | German | 1,196 | 0.11% |
| 3 | Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) | 812 | 0.08% |
| 4 | French (incl. Cajun) | 440 | 0.04% |
| 5 | Polish | 373 | 0.04% |
| 6 | Tagalog (incl. Filipino) | 245 | 0.02% |
| 7 | Hmong | 232 | 0.02% |
| 8 | Greek | 220 | 0.02% |
| 9 | Arabic | 199 | 0.02% |
| 10 | Vietnamese | 172 | 0.02% |
Commute
0.6%
Drive Alone
4.0%
Carpool
11.6%
Work From Home
19.2 min
Avg Commute
Largest Cities in Montana
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Billings | 118,321 |
| 2 | Missoula | 75,600 |
| 3 | Great Falls | 60,412 |
| 4 | Bozeman | 55,042 |
| 5 | Butte-Silver Bow | 34,929 |
| 6 | Helena | 33,126 |
| 7 | Kalispell | 26,830 |
| 8 | Belgrade | 11,425 |
Counties in Montana
| # | County | Population | Median Income |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yellowstone County | 167,340 | $74,400 |
| 2 | Gallatin County | 122,194 | $87,454 |
| 3 | Missoula County | 119,639 | $71,246 |
| 4 | Flathead County | 108,445 | $71,327 |
| 5 | Cascade County | 84,601 | $66,203 |
| 6 | Lewis and Clark County | 72,580 | $74,543 |
| 7 | Ravalli County | 45,807 | $71,323 |
| 8 | Silver Bow County | 35,589 | $57,504 |
| 9 | Lake County | 32,073 | $61,965 |
| 10 | Lincoln County | 20,656 | $47,018 |
| 11 | Park County | 17,484 | $66,607 |
| 12 | Hill County | 16,260 | $55,313 |
| 13 | Glacier County | 13,713 | $45,129 |
| 14 | Big Horn County | 12,963 | $56,680 |
| 15 | Sanders County | 12,936 | $54,035 |
| 16 | Jefferson County | 12,501 | $76,576 |
| 17 | Custer County | 11,938 | $63,585 |
| 18 | Fergus County | 11,581 | $59,731 |
| 19 | Richland County | 11,329 | $69,578 |
| 20 | Carbon County | 10,877 | $71,017 |
Compare Montana
Rankings for Montana
Read more about Montana
A complete guide to Montana demographics — population, race & ethnicity breakdown, income, age, growth trends, and how the state compares nationally.
Montana Demographics 2026: Population, Income, Race & Trends Explained →Metro areas in Montana
Congressional districts in Montana
Largest school districts in Montana
Other states
State rankings
Common questions about Montana
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Frequently Asked Questions
Montana has a population of 1,105,072 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 44th-most populous state in the United States.
Montana is gaining population, with a +202.4% change over the available historical Census record. Montana's population has grown 202.4% since 1910 (376,053 → 1,137,233).
The median household income in Montana is $69,922, with a per capita income of $39,842. 7.1% of the population lives below the federal poverty level.
85.7% of Montana's population identifies as White (Census ACS 2023). 0.5% is Black or African American, 0.1% is Asian, and 8.2% is Hispanic or Latino (any race, counted separately under Census methodology).
Montana is 85.7% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.1% Asian, and 8.2% Hispanic or Latino (any race). Hispanic/Latino is counted as an ethnicity separate from race under Census methodology, so totals may exceed 100% in some breakdowns.
The median age in Montana is 40.2 years. The population is 50.7% male and 49.3% female.
Montana's population has grown 202.4% since 1910 (376,053 → 1,137,233).
Across recent Census Population Estimates, West Virginia, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Illinois have shown the largest sustained population declines. Montana's own trend is gaining. National state-by-state rankings are published annually by the Census Population Estimates Program.
Demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates. Birth statistics from the CDC National Vital Statistics System via Data Commons. California does not report marital status on birth certificates. Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.
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Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.