Columbia, Missouri Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates
The population of Columbia, Missouri is 127,200 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 4th-largest city in Missouri. The median household income is $64,488, the median home value is $268,300, and the median age is 29.2.
The population has grown 19.6% since 2010 (109,429 → 130,900).
127,200
Population
1883
People / sq mi
$64,488
Median Income
$268,300
Median Home Value
Columbia covers 67.6 sq mi of land at 1883 people per square mile.
About Columbia, MO
Columbia is a city in Missouri with a population of 127,200. It ranks #4 among cities in Missouri by population. The median age is 29.2, younger than the national median. The population is 48.1% male and 51.9% female.
The median household income in Columbia is $64,488, below the US median of $74,580. 7.9% of residents live below the federal poverty level. Home values sit at a median of $268,300, with monthly rent averaging $1,067. The homeownership rate of 49.4% is lower than the national rate of 64.8%.
Educational attainment in Columbia reflects 56.5% of adults 25 and older holding a bachelor's degree or higher, above the national average of 34.3%. Roughly 9.6% of workers primarily work from home, below the national work-from-home rate of 14.2%. The average commute is 16.7 minutes each way.
Columbia city Population History (2010-2024)
The city of Columbia city had a population of 109,429 in 2010 and 130,900 in 2024, a 19.6% growth over 14 years. The peak was 130,900 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 1.29%.
130,900
Population (2024)
109,429
Population (2010)
130,900
Peak (2024)
1.29%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 109,429 |
| 2011 | 111,514 |
| 2012 | 113,553 |
| 2013 | 115,440 |
| 2014 | 117,028 |
| 2015 | 118,570 |
| 2016 | 120,248 |
| 2017 | 121,539 |
| 2018 | 122,533 |
| 2019 | 123,195 |
| 2020 | 126,314 |
| 2021 | 127,409 |
| 2022 | 128,409 |
| 2023 | 129,780 |
| 2024 | 130,900 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 74.3% |
| Black or African American | 12.1% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 1.0% |
| Two or More Races | 0.1% |
Economy & Income
$64,488
Median Household Income
$37,359
Per Capita Income
7.9%
Poverty Rate
2.6%
Unemployment Rate
Housing
$268,300
Median Home Value
$1,067
Median Rent
49.4%
Owner-Occupied
Education
95.3%
High School+
56.5%
Bachelor's+
Commute
1.2%
Drive Alone
74.1%
Public Transit
9.6%
Work From Home
16.7 min
Avg Commute
Community Profile
31.3%
Foreign Born
89.3%
Non-English at Home
4.7%
Veterans
11.9%
With Disability
93.6%
Health Insurance
97.3%
Internet Access
Employment by Industry
| Professional, Scientific & Management | 36.5% |
| Education, Health Care & Social Services | 12.6% |
| Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | 9.0% |
| Information | 8.2% |
| Manufacturing | 5.9% |
| Public Administration | 4.4% |
| Arts, Entertainment & Food Services | 3.8% |
| Construction | 3.7% |
| Retail Trade | 3.2% |
| Transportation & Warehousing | 1.5% |
| Agriculture & Mining | 0.4% |
Largest cities in Missouri
Largest counties in Missouri
Part of Missouri
Metro areas in Missouri
City rankings
Frequently Asked Questions
Columbia, Missouri has a population of 127,200 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 4th-largest city in Missouri.
The median household income in Columbia, Missouri is $64,488, with 7.9% of residents living below the federal poverty level.
The median home value in Columbia, Missouri is $268,300, with median monthly rent at $1,067 and a homeownership rate of 49.4%.
The median age in Columbia, Missouri is 29.2 years. The population is 48.1% male and 51.9% female.
The population has grown 19.6% since 2010 (109,429 → 130,900).
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Full rankings of Missouri cities by population
Statewide data for Missouri
Population, race, income, age, and trends across Missouri
Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.