Madison County, Alabama Population 2026
Updated April 2026 · US Census ACS 2023 5-Year Estimates · 3rd-largest in Alabama
The population of Madison County, Alabama is 397,135 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 3rd-largest county in Alabama. The median household income is $83,528, the median home value is $267,800, and the median age is 38.2.
The population of Madison County has grown 26.0% since 2010 (336,114 → 423,355), a +1.66% annualized rate.
397,135
Population
+1.66%
Annual growth
495
People / sq mi
$83,528
Median Income
$267,800
Median Home Value
Madison County covers 802 sq mi of land at 495.4 people per square mile.
About Madison County, AL
Educational attainment is the headline number in Madison County: 45.7% of adults 25 and older have a four-year degree. Madison County is a county in Alabama with a population of 397,135. It is the #3-largest of all counties in Alabama nationally.
Households take in a median $83,528, comfortably above the US median of $78,538. Poverty runs at 7.4%, below the national 12.4%. Home values run above average at $267,800, with typical rent around $1,116.
Madison County is among the best-educated US counties: 45.7% of adults 25 and older hold a bachelor’s degree, above the national 35.0%. A solid 13.6% of workers are based at home, close to the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 22 minutes each way.
The education numbers are the throughline: a college-heavy population in Madison County usually coincides with higher incomes and a workforce concentrated in professional and information industries.
Madison County Population History (2010-2024)
The county of Madison County had a population of 336,114 in 2010 and 423,355 in 2024, a 26.0% growth over 14 years. The peak was 423,355 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 1.67%.
423,355
Population (2024)
336,114
Population (2010)
423,355
Peak (2024)
1.67%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 336,114 |
| 2011 | 339,623 |
| 2012 | 342,823 |
| 2013 | 346,764 |
| 2014 | 349,973 |
| 2015 | 353,194 |
| 2016 | 356,985 |
| 2017 | 362,061 |
| 2018 | 367,386 |
| 2019 | 372,547 |
| 2020 | 390,527 |
| 2021 | 396,663 |
| 2022 | 404,155 |
| 2023 | 413,891 |
| 2024 | 423,355 |
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 64.2% |
| Black or African American | 24.3% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2.0% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
Age & Sex
38.2
Median Age
50.8%
Female
49.2%
Male
15.5%
Age 65+
Age Distribution
Children (under 15): 17.9% · Seniors (65+): 15.5%
Income & Poverty
| Median household income | $83,528+$21,501 vs state |
| Mean household income | $111,962 |
| Per-capita income | $46,784 |
| Poverty rate | 7.4%-3.9% vs state |
| Unemployment rate | 2.4% |
| Employment-to-population | 62.0% |
Top Industries by Employment
The largest employment sector in Madison County is finance & real estate, accounting for 19.6% of workers.
How residents commute
0.1%
Drive alone
0.8%
Carpool
77.2%
Public transit
13.6%
Work from home
21.9 min
Avg commute
Housing
$267,800+$72,700 vs state
Median home value
$1,116
Median rent
68.8%
Homeownership rate
174,709
Total housing units
93.0%
Occupied
7.0%
Vacant
31.2%
Renter-occupied
Social & access
92.3%
With health insurance
96.2%
With broadband internet
41.0%
Foreign-born
11.1%
Veterans (18+)
13.5%
With a disability
92.4%
Speak language other than English at home
Education
92.6%
High School+
45.7%
Bachelor's+
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County rankings
Common questions about Madison County, AL
Frequently Asked Questions
Madison County, Alabama has a population of 397,135 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 3rd-largest county in Alabama. Population density is 495 people per square mile.
The population of Madison County has grown 26.0% since 2010 (336,114 → 423,355), a +1.66% annualized rate.
The median household income in Madison County, Alabama is $83,528, with mean (average) household income of $111,962 and per-capita income of $46,784. 7.4% of residents live below the federal poverty level.
In Madison County, the largest racial and ethnic groups are White (64.2%), Black or African American (24.3%), Hispanic or Latino (2.0%). Figures are from the US Census Bureau's 2023 ACS 5-year estimates and reflect self-reported responses.
The median age in Madison County, Alabama is 38.2 years. Residents are 50.8% female and 49.2% male.
The median home value in Madison County is $267,800 and median monthly rent is $1,116. 68.8% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied. The county has 174,709 total housing units, 7.0% of which are vacant.
The largest employment sector in Madison County, Alabama is finance, insurance, and real estate, employing 19.6% of workers. The unemployment rate is 2.4%.
Huntsville is among the largest cities associated with Madison County, Alabama, with a population of 218,814.
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Population, race, income, age, and trends across Alabama
Data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.