Rank #24 by Population · Updated April 2026

Alabama Population 2026

Source·US Census ACS 5-Year 2023Updated·Apr 12, 2026Reviewed by·Population Review Data Team

The population of Alabama is 5,054,253 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 24th-most populous state in the United States. The median household income is $62,027, the median home value is $195,100, and the median age is 39.3.

Alabama's population has grown 141.2% since 1910 (2,138,093 → 5,157,699).

5,054,253

Population

100

People / sq mi

$62,027

Median Income

39.3

Median Age

Alabama covers 50,651 sq mi of land at a density of 99.8 people per square mile.

About Alabama

Alabama is a US state with a population of 5,054,253. It ranks #24 among US states by population. The median age is 39.3, in line with the national median. The population is 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

The median household income in Alabama is $62,027, below the US median of $74,580. 11.3% of residents live below the federal poverty level. Home values sit at a median of $195,100, with monthly rent averaging $963. The homeownership rate of 69.9% is higher than the national rate of 64.8%.

Educational attainment in Alabama reflects 27.8% of adults 25 and older holding a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national average of 34.3%. Roughly 7.8% of workers primarily work from home, below the national work-from-home rate of 14.2%. The average commute is 25.4 minutes each way.

Alabama, #24 by population

Alabama Population History (1910-2024)

The state of Alabama had a population of 2,138,093 in 1910 and 5,157,699 in 2024, a 2.4× growth over 114 years. The peak was 5,157,699 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 0.74%.

5,157,699

Population (2024)

2,138,093

Population (1910)

5,157,699

Peak (2024)

0.74%

Avg Annual Growth

Year	Population	Change	Annual %	Source
1910	2,138,093	-	-	decennial
1920	2,348,174	+210,081	+0.94%	decennial
1930	2,646,248	+298,074	+1.20%	decennial
1940	2,832,961	+186,713	+0.68%	decennial
1950	3,061,743	+228,782	+0.78%	decennial
1960	3,266,740	+204,997	+0.65%	decennial
1970	3,444,165	+177,425	+0.53%	decennial
1980	3,893,888	+449,723	+1.23%	decennial
1990	4,040,587	+146,699	+0.37%	decennial
2000	4,447,100	+406,513	+0.96%	decennial
2010	4,779,736	+332,636	+0.72%	decennial
2020	5,024,279	+244,543	+0.50%	decennial
2020	5,033,094	+8,815	-	estimate
2021	5,049,196	+16,102	+0.32%	estimate
2022	5,076,181	+26,985	+0.53%	estimate
2023	5,117,673	+41,492	+0.82%	estimate
2024	5,157,699	+40,026	+0.78%	estimate

Age Distribution

Under 5

5.8%

5-9

6.0%

10-14

6.5%

15-19

6.8%

20-24

6.6%

25-34

12.9%

35-44

12.4%

45-54

12.3%

55-59

6.5%

60-64

6.7%

65-74

10.5%

75-84

5.3%

85+

1.7%

Male: 48.5% · Female: 51.5%

Race & Ethnicity

White	65.4%
Black or African American	26.1%
Asian	0.0%
American Indian & Alaska Native	0.4%
Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander	0.3%
Two or More Races	0.0%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	1.6%

Economy & Income

$62,027

Median Household Income

$34,835

Per Capita Income

11.3%

Poverty Rate

2.8%

Unemployment Rate

$86,225

Mean Household Income

55.0%

Employment Rate

Cost of Living

Alabama's overall price level is 88.8 on the BEA Regional Price Parity index (US average = 100), meaning prices are 11.2% lower the US average. Adjusting for cost of living, Alabama's median household income of $62,027 has the buying power of $69,832 in average-priced areas.

88.8

Price Level (US = 100)

$69,832

COL-Adjusted Median Income

$62,027

Nominal Median Income

Education

88.1%

High School Graduate+

27.8%

Bachelor's Degree+

Births & Fertility

58,149

Live Births (2022)

11.5

Birth Rate (per 1,000)

54.7%

Births to Married Mothers

Births by Mother's Age

Under 20

8,427 (14.5%)

20-24

14,113 (24.3%)

25-29

18,274 (31.4%)

30-34

14,673 (25.2%)

35-39

6,304 (10.8%)

40+

1,216 (2.1%)

Births by Mother's Race

White	67.8%
Black or African American	28.2%
Hispanic or Latino	10.7%

Housing

$195,100

Median Home Value

$963

Median Rent

2,316,192

Total Housing Units

69.9%

Owner-Occupied

30.1%

Renter-Occupied

15.0%

Vacant

Languages Spoken at Home

94.1% of Alabama residents age 5+ speak only English at home. The most common non-English languages spoken at home in Alabama:

#	Language	Speakers	% of pop. 5+
1	Spanish	79,492	1.67%
2	Korean	6,282	0.13%
3	Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)	5,386	0.11%
4	Vietnamese	4,071	0.09%
5	Arabic	1,874	0.04%
6	German	1,407	0.03%
7	Japanese	1,295	0.03%
8	Tagalog (incl. Filipino)	1,205	0.03%
9	Thai, Lao, or other Tai-Kadai	887	0.02%
10	Gujarati	813	0.02%

Commute

0.3%

Drive Alone

1.1%

Carpool

7.8%

Work From Home

25.4 min

Avg Commute

Largest Cities in Alabama

#	City	Population	Median Income	Median Home
1	Huntsville	218,814	$70,778	$263,100
2	Birmingham	199,322	$44,376	$138,600
3	Montgomery	198,440	$55,687	$148,500
4	Mobile	185,097	$51,090	$170,300
5	Tuscaloosa	107,699	$48,536	$236,600
6	Hoover	92,401	$107,822	$391,300
7	Auburn	78,738	$56,123	$342,400
8	Dothan	71,118	$55,052	$186,600
9	Madison	58,335	$131,436	$367,900
10	Decatur	57,760	$59,831	$190,500
11	Florence	41,231	$50,396	$174,100
12	Prattville	38,850	$79,396	$208,500
13	Vestavia Hills	38,704	$129,171	$494,500
14	Phenix City	38,477	$49,715	$160,000
15	Alabaster	33,633	$90,163	$242,600
16	Gadsden	33,617	$38,699	$101,900
17	Opelika	31,944	$58,763	$213,700
18	Northport	30,991	$77,781	$258,800
19	Enterprise	28,990	$68,306	$198,500
20	Daphne	28,673	$86,479	$309,700

Counties in Alabama

#	County	Population	Median Income
1	Jefferson County	669,744	$64,589
2	Mobile County	413,162	$58,119
3	Madison County	397,135	$83,528
4	Baldwin County	239,945	$75,019
5	Tuscaloosa County	234,036	$63,947
6	Montgomery County	227,197	$58,153
7	Shelby County	226,955	$93,543
8	Lee County	177,663	$61,123
9	Morgan County	123,742	$64,858
10	Calhoun County	116,141	$55,826
11	Houston County	107,628	$57,531
12	Limestone County	107,577	$83,534
13	Etowah County	103,208	$53,070
14	Marshall County	98,712	$60,946
15	Lauderdale County	95,037	$59,082
16	St. Clair County	92,903	$78,993
17	Cullman County	89,463	$60,916
18	Elmore County	88,669	$75,553
19	Talladega County	81,170	$56,249
20	DeKalb County	71,946	$51,149

Compare Alabama

vs Mississippi vs California vs Texas vs Florida vs New York

Rankings for Alabama

Largest Cities Richest Cities Most Expensive Cities Youngest Cities Most Educated Cities Highest Rent Cities Largest Counties Richest Counties Cost of Living

Metro areas in Alabama

Birmingham (1,181,432)Huntsville (504,712)Mobile (413,162)Montgomery (385,159)Columbus (326,136)Tuscaloosa (275,217)Daphne (239,945)Auburn (196,614)Decatur (156,924)Florence (152,685)Dothan (151,804)Anniston (116,141)All US metros →

Congressional districts in Alabama

AL-1 (724,287)AL-2 (717,019)AL-3 (721,038)AL-4 (721,519)AL-5 (732,520)AL-6 (714,716)AL-7 (723,154)All US districts →

Largest school districts in Alabama

Other states

Minnesota South Carolina Louisiana Kentucky Oregon All states →

State rankings

Densest States by Population per Square Mile Least Densely Populated States US States by Land Area Populated States Oldest States by Median Age Youngest States by Median Age Racially Diverse States States With Largest Hispanic Population States With Largest Black Population States With Largest Asian Population All rankings →

Common questions about Alabama

What is the population of Alabama?What is the median household income in Alabama?What is the median home value in Alabama?What is the largest city in Alabama?What is the largest county in Alabama?What is the cheapest city in Alabama?What are the demographics of Alabama?What is the cost of living in Alabama?Is Alabama growing or shrinking?

Frequently Asked Questions

Alabama has a population of 5,054,253 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 24th-most populous state in the United States.

Alabama is gaining population, with a +141.2% change over the available historical Census record. Alabama's population has grown 141.2% since 1910 (2,138,093 → 5,157,699).

The median household income in Alabama is $62,027, with a per capita income of $34,835. 11.3% of the population lives below the federal poverty level.

65.4% of Alabama's population identifies as White (Census ACS 2023). 26.1% is Black or African American, 0.0% is Asian, and 1.6% is Hispanic or Latino (any race, counted separately under Census methodology).

Alabama is 65.4% White, 26.1% Black or African American, 0.0% Asian, and 1.6% Hispanic or Latino (any race). Hispanic/Latino is counted as an ethnicity separate from race under Census methodology, so totals may exceed 100% in some breakdowns.

The median age in Alabama is 39.3 years. The population is 48.5% male and 51.5% female.

Alabama's population has grown 141.2% since 1910 (2,138,093 → 5,157,699).

Across recent Census Population Estimates, West Virginia, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Illinois have shown the largest sustained population declines. Alabama's own trend is gaining. National state-by-state rankings are published annually by the Census Population Estimates Program.

Sources: US Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, CDC National Vital Statistics System (2022)

Demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates. Birth statistics from the CDC National Vital Statistics System via Data Commons. California does not report marital status on birth certificates. Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.