Rank #47 by Population · Updated April 2026
North Dakota Population 2026
The population of North Dakota is 779,361 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 47th-most populous state in the United States. The median household income is $75,949, the median home value is $241,100, and the median age is 35.7.
North Dakota's population has grown 38.0% since 1910 (577,056 → 796,568).
779,361
Population
11
People / sq mi
$75,949
Median Income
35.7
Median Age
North Dakota covers 68,994 sq mi of land at a density of 11.3 people per square mile.
About North Dakota
What sets North Dakota apart is where people work — remote work is unusually rare here, at 7.3% versus 14.0% nationally. With 779,361 residents, North Dakota is a US state. It ranks #47 among US states by population.
Household earnings are middling, with a median of $75,949 — near the US median of $78,538. Poverty is relatively low for US states at 6.2%, below the national 12.4%. Homes carry a median value of $241,100, with typical rent around $934.
Degree attainment is mid-range for US states: 32.3% of adults hold a four-year degree, below the national 35.0%. Home-based work is uncommon, at 7.3%, below the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 18 minutes each way.
North Dakota, #47 by population
North Dakota Population History (1910-2024)
The state of North Dakota had a population of 577,056 in 1910 and 796,568 in 2024, a 38.0% growth over 114 years. The peak was 796,568 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 0.35%.
796,568
Population (2024)
577,056
Population (1910)
796,568
Peak (2024)
0.35%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1910 | 577,056 |
| 1920 | 646,872 |
| 1930 | 680,845 |
| 1940 | 641,935 |
| 1950 | 619,636 |
| 1960 | 632,446 |
| 1970 | 617,761 |
| 1980 | 652,717 |
| 1990 | 638,800 |
| 2000 | 642,200 |
| 2010 | 672,591 |
| 2020 | 779,094 |
| 2020 | 779,563 |
| 2021 | 777,966 |
| 2022 | 781,057 |
| 2023 | 789,047 |
| 2024 | 796,568 |
Age Distribution
Male: 51.2% · Female: 48.8%
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 83.9% |
| Black or African American | 3.2% |
| Asian | 0.1% |
| American Indian & Alaska Native | 4.5% |
| Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander | 0.2% |
| Two or More Races | 0.1% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 6.4% |
Economy & Income
$75,949
Median Household Income
$42,474
Per Capita Income
6.2%
Poverty Rate
1.9%
Unemployment Rate
$100,487
Mean Household Income
65.9%
Employment Rate
Cost of Living
North Dakota's overall price level is 89.0 on the BEA Regional Price Parity index (US average = 100), meaning prices are 11.0% lower the US average. Adjusting for cost of living, North Dakota's median household income of $75,949 has the buying power of $85,375 in average-priced areas.
89.0
Price Level (US = 100)
$85,375
COL-Adjusted Median Income
$75,949
Nominal Median Income
Education
93.8%
High School Graduate+
32.3%
Bachelor's Degree+
Births & Fertility
9,567
Live Births (2022)
12.3
Birth Rate (per 1,000)
68.7%
Births to Married Mothers
Births by Mother's Age
Births by Mother's Race
| White | 79.8% |
| Black or African American | 6.8% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 7.0% |
Housing
$241,100
Median Home Value
$934
Median Rent
374,866
Total Housing Units
63.4%
Owner-Occupied
36.6%
Renter-Occupied
13.3%
Vacant
Languages Spoken at Home
93.6% of North Dakota residents age 5+ speak only English at home. The most common non-English languages spoken at home in North Dakota:
| # | Language | Speakers | % of pop. 5+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spanish | 4,316 | 0.59% |
| 2 | Amharic, Somali, or other Afro-Asiatic | 1,128 | 0.15% |
| 3 | German | 1,057 | 0.15% |
| 4 | Arabic | 832 | 0.11% |
| 5 | Yoruba, Twi, Igbo, or other Niger-Congo | 697 | 0.10% |
| 6 | French (incl. Cajun) | 689 | 0.09% |
| 7 | Tagalog (incl. Filipino) | 680 | 0.09% |
| 8 | Nepali, Marathi, or other Indic | 627 | 0.09% |
| 9 | Korean | 536 | 0.07% |
| 10 | Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) | 486 | 0.07% |
Commute
0.4%
Drive Alone
3.2%
Carpool
7.3%
Work From Home
18.0 min
Avg Commute
Largest Cities in North Dakota
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fargo | 129,064 |
| 2 | Bismarck | 74,146 |
| 3 | Grand Forks | 58,882 |
| 4 | Minot | 47,922 |
| 5 | West Fargo | 39,325 |
| 6 | Williston | 27,964 |
| 7 | Dickinson | 25,216 |
| 8 | Mandan | 24,293 |
| 9 | Jamestown | 15,774 |
Counties in North Dakota
| # | County | Population | Median Income |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cass County | 189,286 | $75,023 |
| 2 | Burleigh County | 98,986 | $84,948 |
| 3 | Grand Forks County | 72,764 | $68,450 |
| 4 | Ward County | 69,232 | $79,273 |
| 5 | Williams County | 39,368 | $90,224 |
| 6 | Morton County | 33,479 | $79,483 |
| 7 | Stark County | 33,116 | $80,744 |
| 8 | Stutsman County | 21,525 | $60,172 |
| 9 | Richland County | 16,550 | $72,524 |
| 10 | McKenzie County | 14,280 | $88,289 |
| 11 | Rolette County | 12,065 | $57,355 |
| 12 | Ramsey County | 11,563 | $61,319 |
| 13 | Barnes County | 10,794 | $70,230 |
| 14 | Walsh County | 10,488 | $69,976 |
| 15 | McLean County | 9,807 | $81,847 |
| 16 | Mountrail County | 9,567 | $81,292 |
| 17 | Mercer County | 8,341 | $79,405 |
| 18 | Traill County | 7,980 | $88,289 |
| 19 | Pembina County | 6,787 | $66,884 |
| 20 | Bottineau County | 6,390 | $83,460 |
Compare North Dakota
Rankings for North Dakota
Read more about North Dakota
A complete guide to North Dakota demographics — population, race & ethnicity breakdown, income, age, growth trends, and how the state compares nationally.
North Dakota Demographics 2026: Population, Income, Race & Trends Explained →Metro areas in North Dakota
Congressional districts in North Dakota
Largest school districts in North Dakota
Other states
State rankings
Common questions about North Dakota
Frequently Asked Questions
North Dakota has a population of 779,361 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 47th-most populous state in the United States.
North Dakota is gaining population, with a +38.0% change over the available historical Census record. North Dakota's population has grown 38.0% since 1910 (577,056 → 796,568).
The median household income in North Dakota is $75,949, with a per capita income of $42,474. 6.2% of the population lives below the federal poverty level.
83.9% of North Dakota's population identifies as White (Census ACS 2023). 3.2% is Black or African American, 0.1% is Asian, and 6.4% is Hispanic or Latino (any race, counted separately under Census methodology).
North Dakota is 83.9% White, 3.2% Black or African American, 0.1% Asian, and 6.4% Hispanic or Latino (any race). Hispanic/Latino is counted as an ethnicity separate from race under Census methodology, so totals may exceed 100% in some breakdowns.
The median age in North Dakota is 35.7 years. The population is 51.2% male and 48.8% female.
North Dakota's population has grown 38.0% since 1910 (577,056 → 796,568).
Across recent Census Population Estimates, West Virginia, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Illinois have shown the largest sustained population declines. North Dakota's own trend is gaining. National state-by-state rankings are published annually by the Census Population Estimates Program.
Demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates. Birth statistics from the CDC National Vital Statistics System via Data Commons. California does not report marital status on birth certificates. Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.
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Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.