Rank #2 by Population · Updated April 2026
Texas Population 2026
The population of Texas is 29,640,343 as of the 2023 American Community Survey, making it the 2nd-most populous state in the United States. The median household income is $76,292, the median home value is $260,400, and the median age is 35.5.
Texas's population has grown 703.0% since 1910 (3,896,542 → 31,290,831).
29,640,343
Population
113
People / sq mi
$76,292
Median Income
35.5
Median Age
Texas covers 261,259 sq mi of land at a density of 113.5 people per square mile.
About Texas
Texas skews on age — the median resident is 35.5, younger than the national median. Texas is a US state with a population of 29,640,343. That makes it one of the ten largest US states in the country, at #2 by population.
The typical household here earns about $76,292, near the US median of $78,538. Roughly 10.5% of residents fall below the poverty line, below the national 12.4%. Median home value is $260,400, with typical rent around $1,339.
Roughly 33.1% of adults have a bachelor’s, below the national 35.0%. Around 12.8% of workers work from home, below the national 14.0%, and the average commute runs about 27 minutes each way.
Texas, #2 by population
Texas Population History (1910-2024)
The state of Texas had a population of 3,896,542 in 1910 and 31,290,831 in 2024, a 8.0× growth over 114 years. The peak was 31,290,831 in 2024. Average annual growth rate: 1.81%.
31,290,831
Population (2024)
3,896,542
Population (1910)
31,290,831
Peak (2024)
1.81%
Avg Annual Growth
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1910 | 3,896,542 |
| 1920 | 4,663,228 |
| 1930 | 5,824,715 |
| 1940 | 6,414,824 |
| 1950 | 7,711,194 |
| 1960 | 9,579,677 |
| 1970 | 11,196,730 |
| 1980 | 14,229,191 |
| 1990 | 16,986,510 |
| 2000 | 20,851,820 |
| 2010 | 25,145,561 |
| 2020 | 29,145,505 |
| 2020 | 29,239,570 |
| 2021 | 29,570,351 |
| 2022 | 30,113,488 |
| 2023 | 30,727,890 |
| 2024 | 31,290,831 |
Age Distribution
Male: 49.9% · Female: 50.1%
Race & Ethnicity
| White | 53.9% |
| Black or African American | 12.2% |
| Asian | 0.0% |
| American Indian & Alaska Native | 0.6% |
| Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander | 0.3% |
| Two or More Races | 0.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2.0% |
Economy & Income
$76,292
Median Household Income
$39,446
Per Capita Income
10.5%
Poverty Rate
3.3%
Unemployment Rate
$106,819
Mean Household Income
61.4%
Employment Rate
Cost of Living
Texas's overall price level is 97.1 on the BEA Regional Price Parity index (US average = 100), meaning prices are 2.9% lower the US average. Adjusting for cost of living, Texas's median household income of $76,292 has the buying power of $78,605 in average-priced areas.
97.1
Price Level (US = 100)
$78,605
COL-Adjusted Median Income
$76,292
Nominal Median Income
Education
85.7%
High School Graduate+
33.1%
Bachelor's Degree+
Births & Fertility
389,741
Live Births (2022)
13.1
Birth Rate (per 1,000)
58.3%
Births to Married Mothers
Births by Mother's Age
Births by Mother's Race
| White | 79.0% |
| Black or African American | 13.3% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 49.0% |
Housing
$260,400
Median Home Value
$1,339
Median Rent
11,890,808
Total Housing Units
62.6%
Owner-Occupied
37.4%
Renter-Occupied
9.6%
Vacant
Languages Spoken at Home
65.1% of Texas residents age 5+ speak only English at home. The most common non-English languages spoken at home in Texas:
| # | Language | Speakers | % of pop. 5+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spanish | 2,952,656 | 10.65% |
| 2 | Vietnamese | 135,333 | 0.49% |
| 3 | Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) | 85,676 | 0.31% |
| 4 | Arabic | 34,575 | 0.12% |
| 5 | Korean | 32,034 | 0.12% |
| 6 | Urdu | 22,995 | 0.08% |
| 7 | Tagalog (incl. Filipino) | 22,662 | 0.08% |
| 8 | French (incl. Cajun) | 17,337 | 0.06% |
| 9 | Nepali, Marathi, or other Indic | 17,127 | 0.06% |
| 10 | Hindi | 16,892 | 0.06% |
Commute
1.0%
Drive Alone
1.4%
Carpool
12.8%
Work From Home
26.7 min
Avg Commute
Largest Cities in Texas
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Houston | 2,300,419 |
| 2 | San Antonio | 1,458,954 |
| 3 | Dallas | 1,299,553 |
| 4 | Austin | 967,862 |
| 5 | Fort Worth | 941,311 |
| 6 | El Paso | 678,147 |
| 7 | Arlington | 394,769 |
| 8 | Corpus Christi | 317,383 |
| 9 | Plano | 287,339 |
| 10 | Lubbock | 261,078 |
| 11 | Laredo | 255,949 |
| 12 | Irving | 255,036 |
| 13 | Garland | 245,298 |
| 14 | Frisco | 210,238 |
| 15 | McKinney | 202,314 |
| 16 | Amarillo | 200,945 |
| 17 | Grand Prairie | 198,564 |
| 18 | Brownsville | 188,023 |
| 19 | Killeen | 156,144 |
| 20 | Pasadena | 149,345 |
Counties in Texas
| # | County | Population | Median Income |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harris County | 4,758,579 | $73,104 |
| 2 | Dallas County | 2,603,816 | $74,149 |
| 3 | Tarrant County | 2,135,743 | $81,905 |
| 4 | Bexar County | 2,037,344 | $70,571 |
| 5 | Travis County | 1,307,625 | $97,169 |
| 6 | Collin County | 1,116,601 | $117,588 |
| 7 | Denton County | 945,644 | $108,185 |
| 8 | Hidalgo County | 880,921 | $52,281 |
| 9 | El Paso County | 866,275 | $58,859 |
| 10 | Fort Bend County | 859,721 | $113,409 |
| 11 | Montgomery County | 654,722 | $97,266 |
| 12 | Williamson County | 643,889 | $108,309 |
| 13 | Cameron County | 423,192 | $51,334 |
| 14 | Brazoria County | 381,650 | $95,155 |
| 15 | Bell County | 379,811 | $66,051 |
| 16 | Galveston County | 354,721 | $85,348 |
| 17 | Nueces County | 352,829 | $66,021 |
| 18 | Lubbock County | 314,633 | $63,367 |
| 19 | Webb County | 267,731 | $62,506 |
| 20 | McLennan County | 263,608 | $63,888 |
Compare Texas
Rankings for Texas
Read more about Texas
A complete guide to Texas demographics — population, race & ethnicity breakdown, income, age, growth trends, and how the state compares nationally.
Texas Demographics 2026: Population, Income, Race & Trends Explained →Metro areas in Texas
Congressional districts in Texas
Largest school districts in Texas
Other states
State rankings
Common questions about Texas
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Frequently Asked Questions
Texas has a population of 29,640,343 according to the US Census Bureau's 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, making it the 2nd-most populous state in the United States.
Texas is gaining population, with a +703.0% change over the available historical Census record. Texas's population has grown 703.0% since 1910 (3,896,542 → 31,290,831).
The median household income in Texas is $76,292, with a per capita income of $39,446. 10.5% of the population lives below the federal poverty level.
53.9% of Texas's population identifies as White (Census ACS 2023). 12.2% is Black or African American, 0.0% is Asian, and 2.0% is Hispanic or Latino (any race, counted separately under Census methodology).
Texas is 53.9% White, 12.2% Black or African American, 0.0% Asian, and 2.0% Hispanic or Latino (any race). Hispanic/Latino is counted as an ethnicity separate from race under Census methodology, so totals may exceed 100% in some breakdowns.
The median age in Texas is 35.5 years. The population is 49.9% male and 50.1% female.
Texas's population has grown 703.0% since 1910 (3,896,542 → 31,290,831).
Across recent Census Population Estimates, West Virginia, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Illinois have shown the largest sustained population declines. Texas's own trend is gaining. National state-by-state rankings are published annually by the Census Population Estimates Program.
Demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates. Birth statistics from the CDC National Vital Statistics System via Data Commons. California does not report marital status on birth certificates. Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.
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Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS, 2026.