Census ACS 5-Year · 500 counties
US Counties With Largest Black Population
The counties with the largest Black populations are concentrated in the Mississippi Delta, the Black Belt of Alabama, the Carolinas Lowcountry, and major Northern cities. Counties like Jefferson (MS) and Macon (AL) have Black population shares exceeding 75%. The geographic distribution reflects centuries of history, including the plantation economy, Reconstruction, the Great Migration, and ongoing economic forces. Today, these counties span both persistent rural poverty and major metropolitan centers like Prince George's County (MD) and DeKalb County (GA).
Key Findings
- 1Claiborne County, MS leads with a Black population percentage of 86.2%, followed by Holmes County, MS (82.4%) and Greene County, AL (81.5%).
- 2The gap between #1 Claiborne County, MS and #500 Wake County, NC (19.3%) is 66.9 percentage points.
- 3The national median across all states is 33.4% (Johnson County, GA at the midpoint).
- 4The top 10 states are: Claiborne County, MS, Holmes County, MS, Greene County, AL, Jefferson County, MS, Tunica County, MS, Humphreys County, MS, Macon County, AL, Petersburg city, VA, Coahoma County, MS, Leflore County, MS.
Full Ranking: US Counties With Largest Black Population
Source: Census ACS 5-Year Estimates
Methodology
Rankings are based on American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates from the US Census Bureau. All 50 states and the District of Columbia are included. The ACS surveys approximately 3.5 million households annually and provides detailed demographic, social, economic, and housing data. 5-Year estimates offer the most reliable data for state-level comparisons by averaging responses over a 60-month period. Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Claiborne County, MS has the highest Black population percentage at 86.2%, according to latest Census ACS data. Holmes County, MS and Greene County, AL round out the top three.
Wake County, NC has the lowest Black population percentage at 19.3%. Lancaster County, SC is second-lowest at 19.4%.
The median across all 500 states is 33.4%. Note that the national median and the state-level median are calculated differently, the state median represents the midpoint when all states are ranked.
This data comes from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates published by the US Census Bureau. The ACS surveys approximately 3.5 million households annually and provides the most comprehensive demographic data available between decennial censuses.
Rankings are based on the latest available Census ACS 5-Year estimates. The Census Bureau releases new ACS data annually. Our data was last updated on April 12, 2026.
Rankings are based on American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates from the US Census Bureau. All 50 states and the District of Columbia are included. The ACS surveys approximately 3.5 million households annually and provides detailed demographic, social, economic, and housing data. 5-Year estimates offer the most reliable data for state-level comparisons by averaging responses over a 60-month period. Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding.